PRP Therapy (Platelet-Rich Plasma): Understanding the Evidence and Applications

Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) therapy involves drawing a small amount of the patient's own blood, concentrating the platelets (and their associated growth factors) by centrifugation, and injecting this concentrate into a target tissue to promote healing and regeneration. The growth factors in platelets — including PDGF, VEGF, TGF-β, and others — stimulate cell proliferation, angiogenesis, and tissue repair.

The strongest evidence for PRP exists in orthopaedics and sports medicine — particularly for knee osteoarthritis (where it provides pain relief and functional improvement comparable to hyaluronic acid injections), lateral epicondylitis (tennis elbow), plantar fasciitis, and partial tendon tears. In Korea, PRP injections are used within comprehensive sports injury rehabilitation protocols at sports medicine centres and orthopaedic clinics. Evidence for PRP in other conditions, while promising, is more variable.

For hair restoration, PRP injections into the scalp are an established adjunct treatment for androgenetic alopecia — stimulating dormant follicles to re-enter the growth phase. Multiple sessions (typically 3–4 monthly injections, then maintenance every 4–6 months) are usually required. Korea has numerous dermatology and trichology clinics offering PRP for hair restoration — it is a well-established cosmetic and medical treatment nationwide.

Key points about PRP: it is autologous (from your own blood), so there is no risk of disease transmission or allergic reaction. It is a minor procedure with minimal downtime. Results take 4–12 weeks to become apparent. It is not a cure — particularly for osteoarthritis — but can provide significant symptom relief, potentially delaying the need for surgery. Most insurance plans do not cover PRP therapy.